Abu Musa reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Verily, the parable of good and bad company is that of a seller of musk and a blacksmith. The seller of musk will give you perfume, you will buy some, or you will notice a pleasant smell. As for the blacksmith, he will burn your clothes, or you will notice a bad smell.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 5534, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2628
Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim
Imam al-Qari commented, “The meaning is: you should love and accompany the first person, and beware of loving and accompanying the second. It has been said that this narration guides one toward desiring the companionship and company of the righteous and the scholars, for such companionship benefits a person in this world and the Hereafter. It also directs one to avoid the companionship of evil people and sinners, for such companionship harms one’s religion and worldly life. It has been said companionship with the righteous produces goodness, while companionship with the wicked produces evil. It is like the wind: if it blows over perfume, it carries a pleasant fragrance, but if it passes over foulness, it carries a foul odor. It has also been said if you sit with fools, some of their foolishness clings to you more quickly than wisdom clings to you when sitting with the wise, because corruption reaches people faster and penetrates more forcefully into human nature. In summary, companionship has an effect… Some of the gnostics said: Be with Allah, but if you cannot be with Allah, then be with those who are with Allah.”
Source: Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ 8/3137
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْجَلِيسِ الصَّالِحِ وَالْجَلِيسِ السَّوْءِ كَحَامِلِ الْمِسْكِ وَنَافِخِ الْكِيرِ فَحَامِلُ الْمِسْكِ إِمَّا أَنْ يُحْذِيَكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَبْتَاعَ مِنْهُ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَجِدَ مِنْهُ رِيحًا طَيِّبَةً وَنَافِخُ الْكِيرِ إِمَّا أَنْ يُحْرِقَ ثِيَابَكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَجِدَ رِيحًا خَبِيثَةً
5534 صحيح البخاري كتاب الذبائح والصيد باب المسك
2628 صحيح مسلم كتاب البر والصلة والآداب باب استحباب مجالسة الصالحين ومجانبة قرناء السوء
قال الملا على القاري وَالْمَعْنَى فَعَلَيْكَ بِمَحَبَّةِ الْأَوَّلِ وَمُصَاحَبَتِهِ وَإِيَّاكَ وَمَوَدَّةَ الثَّانِي وَمُرَافَقَتَهُ قِيلَ فِيهِ إِرْشَادٌ إِلَى الرَّغْبَةِ فِي صُحْبَةِ الصُّلَحَاءِ وَالْعُلَمَاءِ وَمُجَالَسَتِهِمْ فَإِنَّهَا تَنْفَعُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَإِلَى الِاجْتِنَابِ عَنْ صُحْبَةِ الْأَشْرَارِ وَالْفُسَّاقِ فَإِنَّهَا تَضُرُّ دِينًا وَدُنْيَا قِيلَ مُصَاحَبَةُ الْأَخْيَارِ تُورِثُ الْخَيْرَ وَمُصَاحَبَةُ الْأَشْرَارِ تُورِثُ الشَّرَّ كَالرِّيحِ إِذَا هَبَّتْ عَلَى الطِّيبِ عَبِقَتْ طِيبًا وَإِنْ مَرَّتْ عَلَى النَّتْنِ حَمَلَتْ نَتْنًا وَقِيلَ إِذَا جَالَسْتَ الْحَمْقَى عُلِّقَ بِكَ مِنْ حَمَاقَتِهِمْ مَا لَا يَعَلَقُ لَكَ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ إِذَا جَالَسْتَ الْعُقَلَاءَ لِأَنَّ الْفَسَادَ أَسْرَعُ إِلَى النَّاسِ وَأَشَدُّ اقْتِحَامَ مَا فِي الطَّبَائِعِ وَالْحَاصِلُ أَنَّ الصُّحْبَةَ تُؤَثِّرُ … وَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْعَارِفِينَ كُونُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَقْدِرُوا أَنَّ تَكُونُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ فَكُونُوا مَعَ مَنْ يَكُونُ مَعَ اللَّهِ
8/3137 مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح كتاب الآداب باب الحب في الله ومن الله
