Al-Miswar ibn Makhramah reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, say upon the pulpit, “Verily, the sons of Hisham ibn al-Mughirah have sought my permission to marry their daughters to Ali ibn Abi Talib. I do not give permission, again I do not give permission, and again I do not give permission unless Ali ibn Abi Talib intends to divorce my daughter and marry their daughters. Verily, she is only a part of me. I am upset by what upsets her, and I am harmed by what harms her.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 4932, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2449
Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim
Al-Nawawi said, “The Prophet prohibited that because of his perfect compassion for Ali and for Fatimah, and secondly because he feared she would be tested with jealousy.”
Source: Sharḥ al-Nawawī ‘alá Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2449
عَنْ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ إِنَّ بَنِي هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ اسْتَأْذَنُوا فِي أَنْ يُنْكِحُوا ابْنَتَهُمْ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَلَا آذَنُ ثُمَّ لَا آذَنُ ثُمَّ لَا آذَنُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُرِيدَ ابْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ ابْنَتِي وَيَنْكِحَ ابْنَتَهُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي يُرِيبُنِي مَا أَرَابَهَا وَيُؤْذِينِي مَا آذَاهَا
4932 صحيح البخاري كتاب النكاح باب ذب الرجل عن ابنته في الغيرة والإنصاف
2449 صحيح مسلم كتاب فضائل الصحابة باب فضائل فاطمة بنت النبي عليها الصلاة والسلام
قال النووي فَنَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ لِكَمَالِ شَفَقَتِهِ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ وَعَلَى فَاطِمَةَ وَالثَّانِيَةُ خَوْفُ الْفِتْنَةِ عَلَيْهَا بِسَبَبِ الْغَيْرَةِ
2449 شرح النووي على مسلم