Ibn Abbas reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The one murdered will come with the scalp and head of his killer in his hand on the Day of Resurrection, his jugular vein flowing with blood and saying: O Lord! This one has killed me! And he will draw near to the Throne.” They mentioned repentance to Ibn Abbas and he recited this verse, “Whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell,” (4:93). Ibn Abbas said, “This verse has not been abrogated or replaced, so where is his repentance?”
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhī 3029
Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Albani
Ibn al-Qayyim said, “The reality of this matter is that the killed is connected to three rights: a right of Allah, a right of the killed, and a right of the heir. If the killer surrenders himself willingly and voluntarily to the heir, regretting what he had done, fearing Allah, and repenting to Him sincerely, the right of Allah is forgone by repentance. The right of the heir is to demand retribution, restitution, or pardon. The right of the killed remains, which Allah will compensate for him on the Day of Resurrection from His penitent, good-doing servant and set matters right between them. Thus, the right of the killed is not invalidated, nor is the repentance of the killer.”
Source: al-Jawāb al-Kāfī 1/147
عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَجِيءُ الْمَقْتُولُ بِالْقَاتِلِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ نَاصِيَتُهُ وَرَأْسُهُ بِيَدِهِ وَأَوْدَاجُهُ تَشْخَبُ دَمًا يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ هَذَا قَتَلَنِي حَتَّى يُدْنِيَهُ مِنْ الْعَرْشِ قَالَ فَذَكَرُوا لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ التَّوْبَةَ فَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَمَنْ يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ قَالَ مَا نُسِخَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَلَا بُدِّلَتْ وَأَنَّى لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ
3029 سنن الترمذي كتاب تفسير القرآن باب ومن سورة النساء
3029 المحدث الألباني خلاصة حكم المحدث صحيح في صحيح الترمذي
قال ابن القيم وَالتَّحْقِيقُ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ أَنَّ الْقَتْلَ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِهِ ثَلَاثَةُ حُقُوقٍ حَقٌّ لِلَّهِ وَحَقٌّ لِلْمَقْتُولِ وَحَقٌّ لِلْوَلِيِّ فَإِذَا سَلَّمَ الْقَاتِلُ نَفْسَهُ طَوْعًا وَاخْتِيَارًا إِلَى الْوَلِيِّ نَدَمًا عَلَى مَا فَعَلَ وَخَوْفًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَتَوْبَةً نَصُوحًا سَقَطَ حَقُّ اللَّهِ بِالتَّوْبَةِ وَحَقُّ الْوَلِيِّ بِالِاسْتِيفَاءِ أَوِ الصُّلْحِ أَوِ الْعَفْوِ وَبَقِيَ حَقُّ الْمَقْتُولِ يُعَوِّضُهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِهِ التَّائِبِ الْمُحْسِنِ وَيُصْلِحُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ فَلَا يَبْطُلُ حَقُّ هَذَا وَلَا تَبْطُلُ تَوْبَةُ هَذَا
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