Hadith on Heraclius: What does this Prophet really teach?

Abu Sufyan reported: In his lengthy narration regarding the story of the Roman Emperor, Heraclius, that he asked him, “What does he command you to do?” Abu Sufyan said, “The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, orders us to worship Allah alone without associating partners with Him, to abandon the sayings of our forefathers, to perform prayer, to be truthful, to practice abstinence, and to maintain relations.”

Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 7, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 1773

Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim

Imam al-Nawawi commented, “As for ‘maintaining relations’ (sillah), it means maintaining ties of kinship everything that Allah has commanded to be joined and maintained. This is accomplished through righteousness, generosity, and considerate behavior. As for ‘abstinence’ (‘afaf), it means refraining from prohibited matters and from actions that violate chivalry.”

Source: Sharḥ al-Nawawī ‘alá Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 12/106

عن أَبي سُفْيان في حدِيثِهِ الطَّويل في قصَّةِ هِرقل أَنَّ هِرقْلَ قَالَ لأَبي سفْيان فَماذَا يأْمُرُكُمْ بِهِ يَعْني النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قُلْتُ يقولُ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَحدَهُ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئاً واتْرُكُوا مَا يقُولُ آباؤُكمْ ويأْمُرُنَا بالصَّلاةِ والصِّدْقِ والعفَافِ والصِّلَةِ

7 صحيح البخاري كتاب بدء الوحي باب كيف كان بدء الوحي إلى رسول الله

1773 صحيح مسلم كتاب الجهاد والسير باب كتاب النبي إلى هرقل يدعوه إلى الإسلام

قال النووي أَمَّا الصِّلَةُ فَصِلَةُ الْأَرْحَامِ وَكُلُّ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَذَلِكَ بِالْبِرِّ وَالْإِكْرَامِ وَحُسْنِ الْمُرَاعَاةِ وَأَمَّا الْعَفَافُ الْكَفُّ عَنِ الْمَحَارِمِ وَخَوَارِمِ الْمُرُوءَةِ

12/106 شرح النووي على مسلم كتاب الجهاد والسير باب كتب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى هرقل ملك

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Abu Amina Elias
Abu Amina Elias (Justin Parrott) is an academic librarian, researcher, and translator specializing in the Quran, Hadith, and their commentaries. He is a former instructor of Islamic Creed for Mishkah University.
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