Ijtihad الاجتهاد

Hadith on Ijtihad: The Prophet has opinions, but never lies about Allah

Talhah reported: I passed by some people with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, who were on top of palm trees. The Prophet said, “What are …

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Hadith on Divorce: Triple talaq in the time of the Prophet, Abu Bakr, and Umar

Ibn Abbas reported: Triple divorce in the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, Abu Bakr, and two years of the Caliphate of Umar was …

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Malik on Fatwa: Humility of Imam Malik’s independent judgments

Sa’id ibn Sulayman reported: I never heard Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, issue a religious verdict on anything but that he would recite this verse, “Verily, we only …

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Malik on Istihsan: Seeking best ruling is nine tenths of knowledge

Al-Zarkashi reported: Malik ibn Anas, may Allah have mercy on him, said, “Seeking the best option is nine tenths of knowledge.” Al-Baji said, “Istihsan, as applied by the Maliki scholars, means …

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Hadith on Ikhtilaf: Two men follow different opinions, both rewarded

Abu Sa’id al-Khudri reported: Two men went out for travel when the time of prayer arrived and they did not have water with them. They performed dry ablution with clean …

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Ibn Qayyim on Fatwa: Rulings may change by time, place, condition

Ibn al-Qayyim, may Allah have mercy on him, writes, “As for knowing the condition of people, this is a tremendous principle required of the scholar and judge. For if he …

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Hadith on Shura: One who is consulted in a position of trust

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “One is who is consulted is in a position of trust.” Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhī 2822 Grade: Hasan (fair) …

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Umar on Hudud: Punishment of theft suspended during famine

Yahya ibn Abi Kathir reported: Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “The hand of the thief is not cut who steals a bundle of dates or …

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Hadith on Customs: Follow the Prophet’s revelation, not personal opinions

Rafi’ ibn Khadij reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, arrived in Medina, and they were pollinating and grafting palm trees. The Prophet said, “Perhaps it would be …

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Hadith on Customs: The Prophet considers customs of other nations

Judamah bint Wahb reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “I considered forbidding intercourse with a breastfeeding woman, until it occurred to me that the …

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Hadith on Ijtihad: Judge with the Quran, Sunnah, then your opinion

Al-Harith ibn ‘Amr reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent Mu’adh to Yemen and he said, “How will you judge?” Mu’adh said, “I will judge …

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Hadith on Reason: Do not be blind followers of society

Hudhayfah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Do not be blind followers, saying that if our people are good we will be good, and …

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Hadith on Ijtihad: Sincere judge is rewarded, even if wrong

Amr ibn al-‘As reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “If a judge makes a ruling, striving to apply his reasoning and he is correct, …

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Hadith on Ikhtilaf: Companions interpret the Prophet’s order differently

Abdullah ibn Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, made an announcement on the day he returned from the Confederates, saying, “No one will pray …

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