Excommunication التكفير

Hadith on Takfir: He commits unbelief by wrongly accusing believers

Abu Sa’id reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “A man never accused another man of unbelief but that it backfires on one of them. Either he is an unbeliever, or he has committed unbelief by his accusation of unbelief.” Grade: Sahih li ghayrihi (authentic due to external evidence) according …

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Hadith on Qiblah: Those who pray towards Mecca are Muslims

Anas ibn Malik reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Whoever prays our prayer, faces our direction of prayer, and eats our slaughtered animals, they are Muslims under the protection of Allah and His Messenger. Thus, do not betray Allah in the matter of His protection.” Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 391 …

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Hadith on Khawarij: Violent rebels are worst killed under heaven

Abu Ghalib reported: Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “The khawarij are the worst of those slain under the heavens, and the best of those slain are those who were killed by them. They are the dogs of Hellfire. They were Muslims and then became unbelievers.” I said, “O Abu Umamah, is …

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Hadith on Fitnah: In the darkest trials, stay inside and hide

Jundub ibn Sufyan reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “There will come after me a tribulation like the dark of night, in which a man will awaken as a believer and enter evening as an unbeliever, or awaken as an unbeliever and enter evening as a believer.” A man …

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Hadith on Takfir: Cursing, excommunicating a Muslim like killing him

‘Imran ibn Husayn reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “If a man declares his brother to be an unbeliever, it is as if he has killed him. Cursing a believer is like killing him.” Source: Musnad al-Bazzār 3158 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Albani عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ …

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Ibn Abbas on Khawarij: Winning argument against the rebels

Al-Bayhaqi reported: Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, confronted the Khawarij, saying, “As for your statement that Ali has delegated ruling to men in the affair of Allah, I recite to you a judgment delegated to men in the matter of the price of a rabbit and other hunted animals. Allah said: O …

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Ibn Umar on Salaam: Offer peace to deviant Muslims, do not kill any Muslim

Nafi’ reported: Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to offer greetings of peace to the Khashabiyya and Khawarij sects, even though they were fighting each other. Ibn Umar said, “Whoever calls to the prayer, I have responded to him. Whoever calls to salvation, I have responded to him. Whoever calls to killing …

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Jabir on Takfir: I seek refuge from excommunicating a Muslim

Abu Sufyan reported: I said to Jabir ibn Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, “Have you said anyone who prays towards Mecca is an unbeliever?” Jabir said no. I said, “Have you said they are idolaters?” Jabir said, “I seek refuge in Allah.” Source: al-Muʻjam al-Awsaṭ 7548 عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِجَابِرِ بْنِ …

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Hadith on Fitnah: The Prophet fought for freedom, not kingship

Sa’id ibn Jubayr reported: Abdullah ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, came out to us and we hoped that he would narrate to us a good tradition. A man approached him and he said, “O Abu Abdur Rahman, tell us about fighting during times of persecution, as Allah said: And fight until there …

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Hadith on Peace: Obligation to accept peace offerings from enemy

Ibn Abbas reported: A man from the tribe of Sulaym passed by a group of companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and he had some sheep with him. The man greeted them with peace and they said, “He only offered peace to protect himself.” They attacked him, killed him, …

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Hadith on Takfir: Accuser closer to unbelief than accused

Hudhayfah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Verily, I fear for you that a man will recite the Quran until his delight is seen and he takes Islam as a cloak. Then, he changes to whatever Allah wills for him, such that it is stripped from him and he throws it behind …

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Hadith on Khawarij: Violent rebels are dogs of Hellfire

Ibn Abi Awfa reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The khawarij are the dogs of Hellfire.” Source: Sunan Ibn Mājah 173 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Albani عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْخَوَارِجُ هُمْ كِلَابُ النَّارِ 173 سنن ابن ماجه كتاب المقدمة …

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Wahb on Khawarij: Consequences of the Kharijite heresy, rebellion

Ibn Asakir reported: Wahb ibn Munabbih, may Allah have mercy on him, said, “I knew the early period of Islam. By Allah, the Kharijites never had a group except that Allah caused it to split due to their evil condition. Never did one of them proclaim his opinion except that Allah caused his neck to …

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Hadith on Sins: False oaths, suicide, cursing, excommunication

Thabit ibn al-Dahhak reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Whoever swears falsely by a religion other than Islam, he is what he has professed. Whoever kills himself with something, he will be punished with it in the fire of Hell. Cursing a believer is like killing him, and accusing a believer …

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Ibn Umar on Rebels: Khawarij apply verses about unbelievers on Muslims

Al-Bukhari reported: Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, considered the Khawarij rebels to be the worst of Allah’s creation and he said, “Indeed, they take verses that were revealed about unbelievers and use them against believers.” Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6531 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Bukhari عن البخاري وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ رضي الله …

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Ibn Mas’ud on Takfir: Dangerous to call someone an enemy of Allah

Qays reported: Abdullah ibn Mas’ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “If a man declares his companion to be his enemy, then he has rebelled against Islam or his companion is innocent.” Source: al-Adab al-Mufrad 421 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Albani عَنْ قَيْسٍ قَالَ‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ رضي الله عنه‏ إِذَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِصَاحِبِهِ‏ أَنْتَ …

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Hadith on Takfir: False accusations will backfire against accusers

Abu Dharr reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “A man does not accuse another man of wickedness or unbelief but that it will be turned against him, if his companion is innocent.” Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6045 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Bukhari عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ …

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Hadith on Takfir: Accusations of unbelief can backfire on accusers

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “When a man accuses his brother of being an unbeliever, then it will be turned against at least one of them.” Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6103 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Bukhari عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى …

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Ibn Abbas on Kufr: Contradicting the Sharia is lesser unbelief

Al-Tabari reported: A man asked Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, about this verse, “Whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, they are the unbelievers,” (5.44). The man said, “Has one who does this committed unbelief?” Ibn Abbas said, “It is a type of unbelief if he does that, but it …

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Hadith on Takfir: False charges of unbelief turn against accuser

Ibn Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “When a man calls his brother an unbeliever, it turns against at least to one of them. Either the accused is as he claimed, or else the charge will turn against him.” Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 5753, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 60 Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity …

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