Hudud (Legal Punishments) الحدود

Hadith on Responsibility: The pen is lifted from three people

Ali ibn Abi Talib reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The pen is lifted from three people: a sleeping person until he awakens, a

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Umar on Hudud: Strict requirement of four witnesses to adultery

Ibn al-Musayyib reported: Three men testified against Al-Mughirah that he had committed adultery, while an additional witness abstained. Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, punished the three men and

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Hadith on Punishment: No corporal punishment if results in unjust death

Ali reported: A servant girl belonging to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, committed adultery and he ordered me to whip her. She was enduring post-natal

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Hadith on Rape: Compelled sex a type of criminal abuse

Salamah ibn al-Muhabbiq reported: A man had intercourse with the servant girl of his wife, so the matter was referred to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. The

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Umar on Slaves: Slave injured by their master must be set free

Malik reported: Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, was presented with a servant woman who had been struck by her master with a piece of fire or

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Umar on Zina: Secret marriage is a type of adultery

Abu al-Zubayr reported: Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, was presented with a marriage which no one had witnessed but one man and one woman. Umar said,

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Hadith on Rajm: Verse of stoning not meant to be in Quran

Kathir ibn al-Salt reported: Amr ibn al-‘As and Zayd ibn Thabit would write down the Quran. They passed over this verse, and Zayd said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah,

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Hadith on Curses: O Allah, have mercy on believers I cursed

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “O Allah, I am only a human being. Whenever I scold, curse, or punish a Muslim

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Hadith on Pardon: Conceal legal offenses from punishment if possible

Ibn Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Keep away from these ugly deeds that Allah has prohibited. Whoever falls into them should cover

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Ali on Rape: No punishment for the rape victim

Abdur Rahman al-Salami reported: Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, was asked to judge a woman who had been suffering from thirst. She had passed by a

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Hadith on Ta’zir: Pardon criminal punishments if possible, except hudud

Ibn Umar reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Waive the punishments with magnanimity, for that is part of righteousness.” In another narration, the Prophet

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Umar on Hudud: Better to pardon than punish with doubts

Ibrahim al-Nakha’i reported: Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “That I relax the legal punishments is more beloved to me than applying them with doubts.” Source:

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Hadith on Hudud: Drop legal punishments if you have an excuse

Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Avoid applying legal punishments as long as you find an excuse to avoid them.” Source: Sunan

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Abu Bakr on Hudud: I prefer Allah to cover their sins

Zubayd ibn al-Salt reported: Abu Bakr al-Sidiq, may Allah be pleased with him, say, “Were I to take hold of a drinker of wine, I would prefer for Allah to

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Umar II on Justice: People are fit for justice, not sword and lash

Sa’ib ibn Muhammad reported: Jarrah ibn Abdullah wrote to Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, saying, “Peace be upon you. To proceed: The people of Khorasan

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Ibn Mas’ud on Hudud: Avoid legal punishments as much as possible

Abu Wail reported: Abdullah ibn Mas’ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “Avoid flogging and applying the death penalty upon Muslims as much as you can.” Source: al-Sunan al-Kubrá 15686

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Hadith on Hudud: Pardon criminal before notifying ruler, if possible

Abdullah ibn Amr reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Pardon the legal punishments between yourselves, for whatever offense reaches me must be punished.” Source:

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Umar II on Apostasy: Let them return to paying tribute, no punishment

Ma’mar reported: Some residents of the peninsula told me that some people had embraced Islam, but it was not long until they became apostates. Maymun ibn Mihran wrote to Umar

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Hasan on Leaders: Obedience to corrupt rulers is difficult, but necessary

Ibn Rajab reported: Hasan al-Basri, may Allah have mercy on him, said regarding the rulers, “They take charge of five matters: the Friday prayer, the congregational prayers, the Eid celebration,

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Umar on Treachery: Execution for Muslim betraying unbeliever

Malik reported: A man from the people of Kufa said that Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, wrote to a commander in an army he had dispatched,

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