Anas reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, as well as Abu Bakr and Umar, may Allah be pleased with them, would open the prayer by reciting, “All praise is due to Allah.” (1:1)
In the narration of Muslim, Anas said: I did not hear any of them recite aloud, “In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 710, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 399
Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim
Ibn Daqiq said, “The tradition is used as evidence for those who do not recite the name of Allah aloud at the beginning of prayer. The scholars have three opinions on that. First, that it is not recited silently or aloud; it is the way of Malik. Second, it is recited silently and not aloud; it is the way of Abu Hanifa and Ahmad. Third, it is recited aloud in the prayers recited aloud; it is the way of Al-Shafi’i.”
Source: Iḥkām al-Aḥkām Sharḥ ‘Umdat al-Aḥkām 1/270
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا كَانُوا يَفْتَتِحُونَ الصَّلَاةَ بِالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
وفي رواية المسلم قال فَلَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ يَقْرَأُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
710 صحيح البخاري أبواب صفة الصلاة باب ما يقول بعد التكبير
399 صحيح مسلم كتاب الصلاة باب حجة من قال لا يجهر بالبسملة
قال ابن دقيق فَيَسْتَدِلُّ بِهِ مَنْ يَرَى عَدَمَ الْجَهْرِ بِالْبَسْمَلَةِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَالْعُلَمَاءُ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ مَذَاهِبَ أَحَدُهَا تَرْكُهَا سِرًّا وَجَهْرًا وَهُوَ مَذْهَبُ مَالِكٍ الثَّانِي قِرَاءَتُهَا سِرًّا لَا جَهْرًا وَهُوَ مَذْهَبُ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَأَحْمَدَ الثَّالِثُ الْجَهْرُ بِهَا فِي الْجَهْرِيَّةِ وَهُوَ مَذْهَبُ الشَّافِعِيِّ
1/270 إحكام الإحكام شرح عمدة الأحكام